Science in Genesis creation - Light on 1st day was Cosmic Background Radiation made by Sonoluminescence

 Author: Eulalio Jr., Diocson Eguia

Abstract: Scientists have several reasons for rejecting the Genesis creation narrative as a scientific fact, one of which is the order with which God created the universe and everything in it. It talks about the existence of “deep waters” in the midst of complete darkness, before any source of light existed in the universe. And it also talks about the emergence of the first Light in the universe before any stars formed. 

This suggests that these “deep waters” were older than all the stars. And how was it possible for Light to be created when only the deep waters and the Spirit of God existed in the beginning, ask many skeptics? In this research, I will show that modern cosmology validates the Genesis creation account as scientific.

The Genesis creation narrative told in the book of Genesis chapters 1 and 2 is considered by many scholars to be a myth that shares similarities with other cultures’ creation myths. According to Genesis, God creates by fiat; meaning, things come into existence by divine decree alone. Like a king, God has merely to speak for things to happen. Now creation by speech is also present in some ancient Egyptian creation myths, like in the Memphite Theology where the ancient Egyptian deity Ptah was said to create through speech.

Scientists have several reasons for rejecting the Genesis creation narrative as a scientific fact, one of which is the order with which God created the universe and everything in it. It talks about the existence of “deep waters” in the midst of complete darkness, before any source of light existed in the universe. It also talks about the emergence of the first Light in the universe before any stars formed. 

This suggests that these “deep waters” were older than all the stars. And how was it possible for Light to be created when only the deep waters and the Spirit of God existed in the beginning? In this research, I will show that modern cosmology validates the Genesis creation account as scientific.

Genesis 1: 1 tells us that “In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth”. Exactly what was meant by “heaven” and “earth”, we are told in Genesis 1: 2 “And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters”.

The “heaven” in Genesis 1: 1 was the “darkness” that enveloped the face of the “deep waters”, and was said to be created by God. This means this “darkness” was not preexistent and therefore had a beginning. And since only God has no beginning and is omnipresent, this means the “darkness” which God created simply meant space where God’s being was not present, or in other words, space which God vacated. This is the reason why Genesis called this space “darkness” since it is void of God’s being or presence, and was therefore separate and distinct from Him. 

Another reason why the “darkness” that enveloped the “deep waters” was absolutely dark is because the space vacated by God’s being was totally lacking two physical characteristics needed in order for light to travel. The medium where light travels must possess both permittivity and permeability. Permittivity is a measure of the electric polarizability of a dielectric material. A material with high permittivity polarizes more in response to an applied electric field than a material with low permittivity, thereby storing more energy in the material. While permeability is the measure of magnetization produced in a material in response to an applied magnetic field. 

Vacuum permittivity (ε) and permeability (μ) are related to each other through a fundamental constant known as the speed of light (c) in vacuum or free space. The relationship between permittivity, permeability, and the speed of light is given by Maxwell's equations, which describe the behavior of electromagnetic waves. These equations establish a fundamental connection between electric and magnetic fields.

In vacuum or free space, the relationship is expressed as: the product of permittivity and permeability is equal to the inverse of the square of the speed of light. It means that the value of permittivity and permeability determines the speed at which electromagnetic waves, including light, can propagate through a medium.

By “earth”, Genesis meant the deep body of “waters” whose surface keeps being tossed by the Spirit of God that keeps moving above it. This body of water is void of any solids; and being pure liquid, it had no rigid form and thus kept changing its shape as it was continuously being stirred by the Spirit of God above it. Furthermore, the Hebrew word used for waters is “mayim”, which could mean water, juice, urine, semen; or in other words, any form of fluid. The point here is that these “deep waters” are made of different substances that behave like a liquid, and not necessarily, nor actually, drinking water or H2O.

A liquid is a nearly incompressible material that may continuously move and deform (flow) but retains a nearly constant volume independent of pressure. Now scientists recently discovered that the first form of matter that merged shortly after the Big Bang may have been a perfect liquid (which is exactly what Genesis said):

livescience.com, 1st matter in the universe may have been a perfect liquid (published June 2, 2021): After the Big Bang, the universe was thought to be a soup of energy before it rapidly expanded during a period known as inflation, which allowed the universe to cool enough for matter to form. The first entities thought to emerge were quarks, a fundamental particle, and gluons, which carry the strong force that glues quarks together. [Scientists call this quark-gluon assembly the QGP or the quark-gluon plasma]. They found the QGP was a perfect liquid — which means that it had almost no viscosity or resistance to flow — and it also changed shape over time in a manner unlike other forms of matter.

Needless to say, I believe the “deep waters” (or “mayim”) mentioned in Genesis were actually a soup of elementary particles in the form of quarks, and gluons that behave like a perfect liquid in an extremely hot environment. There are six known types of quarks, and of these, only two are stable while the rest are unstable. However, in an extremely hot environment like in the first microsecond after the Big Bang, all six quarks may  have coexisted in one soup of elementary particles. Thus, Genesis was correct in describing this “soup” as a deep body made of many different types of “waters”.

The Spirit (Hebrew: “ruach”) of God which moved upon the face of these “deep waters” was a multifaceted term that primarily denoted "spirit," "wind," or "breath”. However, unlike ordinary wind which moves randomly, the “ruach” or Spirit of God moves purposefully according to the will of God. While the heaven (or “darkness”) that surrounded the “deep waters” was space vacated by God’s being, God exhaled into this vacated space His Spirit, much like a person blowing his breath onto an empty balloon.

Wind is the natural movement of air or other gases and is caused by differential heating. I believe the Spirit of God came in the form of a very cold breeze, with temperature close to absolute zero. This low temperature must be carried by matter with very low energy or mass compared to quarks. Electrons are such a kind of matter with mass several times smaller than that of quarks. Unlike quarks whose boiling point temperature is very high (and which allows them to remain liquid at high temperatures), liquid electrons exist only at ultra-low temperatures close to absolute zero. This is because electrons have a very low boiling point temperature which makes electrons behave like gas at relatively low temperatures, 

I believe the Spirit of God which moved at the surface of the “deep waters” (made of quarks and gluons), was a gas of electrons with temperature much lower than the temperature of the quark-gluon plasma. This difference in temperature created wind movement above the surface of the perfectly liquid quark-gluon plasma, causing the plasma to deform regularly. Furthermore, this wind caused the electric fields of both the quark-gluon plasma and the gas of electrons to constantly change, thus inducing a magnetic field. 

The electromagnetic force of attraction between this gas of electrons and this electrically charged quark-gluon plasma prevented the gas of electrons from escaping the surface of the plasma and dissipating into the dark empty space around them. Furthermore, the presence of both electric fields and magnetic fields in both the quark-gluon plasma and the gas of electrons, paved the way for light to be created, after all, light is simply an electromagnetic radiation.

Genesis 1: 3-5 And God said, Let there be light: and there was light. And God saw the light, that it was good: and God divided the light from the darkness. And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And the evening and the morning were the first day.

Now the question is how was this primordial Light produced, when the only things present in the early dark universe were the Spirit (or Breath) of God and the deep waters? When God said “Let there be Light” on the  first day of creation, it directed the Holy Spirit moving upon the face of the “deep waters”, to plunge itself towards its center, similar to how a Jewish tevilah (or ritual immersion) and a Christian baptism is performed. The Voice of God which spoke “Let there be Light” caused the “deep waters” and the Spirit of God (in the form of a gas bubble at the center of the deep waters) to vibrate. This resulted in a phenomenon discovered just recently by scientists:

Sonoluminescence is the emission of light from imploding bubbles in a liquid when excited by sound. Sonoluminescence was first discovered in 1934 at the University of Cologne. It occurs when a sound wave of sufficient intensity induces a gaseous cavity within a liquid to collapse quickly, emitting a burst of light. Sonoluminescence in the laboratory can be made to be stable so that a single bubble will expand and collapse over and over again in a periodic fashion, emitting a burst of light each time it collapses.

In the case of the Genesis creation account, the imploding bubble was the Spirit of God, the liquid was the “deep waters”, and the intense sound was the Voice of God. Now notice that if the sonoluminescence is made to be stable, the light it creates pulsates regularly in a periodic fashion. And in the case of the early universe that is surrounded by darkness, this means there was an alternating period of Light and Darkness which God called Day and Night. 

Genesis did not tell us the length of time this alternating period of Light and Darkness lasts, and many Bible scholars wrongly associate it to the period of Earth’s rotation while it faces the Sun, that is 24 hours. And this is incorrect, because according to Genesis 1: 14-19, the Sun and stars were created only on the “fourth day”, or “three days” after the creation of Light on the “first day”.  Understanding this, one can see how the Biblical six “days” of creation can actually last several billions of years each. Now quite shockingly, just like Genesis, astrophysicists recently talk of a primordial light that came out of the Big Bang singularity, long before the first stars were formed:

The cosmic microwave background (CMB, CMBR), or relic radiation, is microwave radiation that fills all space in the observable universe. With a standard optical telescope, the background space between stars and galaxies is almost completely dark. However, a sufficiently sensitive radio telescope detects a faint background glow that is almost uniform and is not associated with any star, galaxy, or other object. This glow is strongest in the microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The accidental discovery of the CMB in 1965 by American radio astronomers Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson was the culmination of work initiated in the 1940s.

Now note the following: this cosmic microwave background radiation is not associated with any star, galaxy, or other object. And astrophysicists describe this primordial light as a “white-hot fog of interacting plasma of photons, electrons, and quarks”, much like how I described earlier the interaction between the Spirit of God (gas of electrons) and the “deep waters” (quark-gluon plasma) producing light (in the form of photons): 

Long before the formation of stars and planets, the early universe was more compact, much hotter and, starting 10−6 seconds after the Big Bang, filled with a uniform glow from its white-hot fog of interacting plasma of photons, electrons, and baryons [composite subatomic particles that contains an odd number of quarks].

Cosmic inflation is a theory of exponential expansion of space in the very early universe. As the universe expanded, adiabatic cooling caused the energy density of the plasma to decrease until it became favorable for electrons to combine with protons, thus forming hydrogen atoms. If you still recall, during the first microseconds after the Big Bang, the quark-gluon plasma was too hot for these quarks to combine into protons. With the emergence of protons as a result of this rapid expansion of space, the gas of electrons started interacting with the protons to produce Hydrogen atoms. 

Adiabatic cooling is the process of reducing heat through a change in air pressure caused by volume expansion, which was certainly the case when space expanded exponentially. Now again, quite surprisingly, Genesis talks about volume or space expansion in the following verses:

Genesis 1: 6-8 And God said, Let there be a firmament [Hebrew: “raqiya”] in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters. And God made the firmament, and divided the waters which were under the firmament from the waters which were above the firmament: and it was so. And God called the firmament Heaven. And the evening and the morning were the second day.

This Heaven is different from the first Heaven created earlier and mentioned in Genesis 1:1, and this is why 2 Corinthians 12: 2 mentions a “third heaven”, as there are several layers of heavens in existence. The Hebrew word for firmament, “raqiya”, is derived from the root “raqa”, meaning "to spread out" or "to stretch." And this is a perfectly good description of the cosmic inflation when space was stretched to allow the faster than light  expansion of the universe. Now as mentioned earlier, cosmic inflation made it favorable for electrons to combine with protons, forming hydrogen atoms. 

Until recently, scientists believed that elements heavier than Hydrogen emerged only after stars were formed and after these stars collapsed and compressed in a supernova explosion. Lately and recently however, they now believe that not only do these heavier elements were formed before stars were born, but that also, certain compounds like drinking water or H2O were formed long before the birth of the very first star in the universe:

Scientific American, “Earth has water older than the Sun”, dated September 26, 2014: As much as half of the water in Earth’s oceans could be older than the Sun, a study has found. By reconstructing conditions in the disk of gas and dust in which the Solar System formed, scientists have concluded that the Earth and other planets must have inherited much of their water from the cloud of gas from which the Sun was born 4.6 billion years ago, instead of forming later. The authors say that such interstellar water would also be included in the formation of most other stellar systems, and perhaps of other Earth-like planets.

Note that the article is saying that all interstellar water (not just Earth’s) formed from molecular clouds and not from the cores of stars which scattered after these stars erupted. And this is in accordance with Genesis 1: 14-19 which says that the Sun and stars were created on the “fourth day”, or “three days” after the creation of Light (or the Cosmic Background Radiation) on the “first day” due to sonoluminescence, and “two days” after the creation of the firmament due to cosmic inflation. 

In addition to creating the firmament, Genesis also talked about dividing the “deep waters” into two parts, and causing one part to separate from the other during this faster than light expansion that created the firmament: thus resulting in “deep waters” above the firmament and “deep waters” under the firmament. 

And because these two parts of “deep waters” were attracted to each other by several forces acting between them, this firmament that separated them created potential energy between these two separate bodies of waters. This potential energy in turn infused both permittivity and permeability into this firmament of space, thus allowing light to travel through it for the first time; whereas before light was contained by the boundaries of the single body of “deep waters” before its division. Now what will be the other implication of these “deep waters” being divided into two and separated by a huge firmament?

Because the “deep waters” above the firmament travelled faster than the speed of light, when scientists observe these “deep waters” with their telescopes, it will appear that these “deep waters” were older than the universe itself. This is because scientists estimate the age of the universe based on how far the farthest observable light they see in it, and by dividing this distance with the speed of light!

www.iac.es, A study suggests that there are galaxies which might be older than the currently accepted age of the universe, 07/25/2024: An observationally based study has found that certain very distant massive galaxies appear to be older than the limit set by standard cosmology. The study, published in The Astrophysical Journal,  is based on the analysis of data recently obtained by the James Webb Space Telescope of galaxies that existed when the universe was only between 4% and 5% of its present age, according to the accepted standard model of cosmology.

According to the standard current model of cosmology the age of the Universe is close to 13,800 million years. Based on high resolution high sensitivity data from the James Webb Space Telescope obtained when observing galaxies with redshift close to 8, which were in existence when the universe was only 600 million years old, the research team estimate that these galaxies have, with 95% probability stellar populations with ages of between 900 and 2400 million years. This would mean that their stars would have been formed several hundred million years before the Big Bang.